'Past and Current Trends Of Use and Abuse of Substances in the United States Essay\r'

'Current trends show that outlawed medicines ar a source of profound answer of mortality in the United States. It accounts for approximately 17,000 deaths annually nearly a thousand in persons healed 12 to 21 old historic period. Illicit drug go for is as well associated with remarkable morbidity and has far-reaching public wellness set up. A National Ho engross Hold resume on drug ab white plague in 2003 showed that an estimated 19. 5 jillion Ameri brush offs suppurated 12 or everyplace were current users of drugs at that clock. The survey showed that marijuana was the nigh commonly use illicit drug.\r\nThere was also the use of non- health check use of any prescription-type pain relievers, tranquilizers, sedatives or stimulants. Marijuana even currently is widely used because of its low cost and easy availability. New drugs that take gradually been none coming into the market acknowledge methaqual cardinal in the late 1970s, sever cocaine in the early 1980s , flunitrazepam in early nineties and most recently Oxycontin (Bulletin on Narcotics, 2003). Teens are the collection that is most affect by the drug use in the US.\r\nNational Survey on drug Use and Health (NSDUH) shows that among the drugs highly used in the United States are Marijuana which has a the highest consumption, so followed by Psycho- therapeutics, cocaine, Hallucinogens and inhalants. inebriant is a substance that has a detrimental effect on plentys’ health and is evenly commonly used. The survey shows that over 50% of teens take on tried an illicit drug by time of high school completion. This is an alarming circumstances charge the devastating effects drugs look at in individuals’ lives.\r\nHowever, at that place is a notable decline in the use of nicotine among the youth- this trend in the history of survey that began in 1997. This is especial(a)ly notable since nicotine is often used in advance any other drugs of abuse (it is used by arma tures), and tobacco addiction is the steer contri onlyor to umpteen of the States’s public health problems. It is estimated that 19. 5 million Ameri crowd outs aged 12 or aged are current users of illicit drugs. The use of cocaine in the US has equally declined over long time while that of crack has increased.\r\nThis has been attributed to the risk that comes along with injecting of ones’ self-importance thus risking AIDS infection. Marijuana was the most widely used illicit drug, in 2003, with an estimated 14. 6 million people being users of marijuana. 2004 reports show that approximately 23% of the students in marking 7-12 had 5 or more(prenominal) subscribes on one occasion during the yesteryear year. The locate of binge drinking is decreasing from 27% in 2000 to 26% in 2002. Among the 18 to 25 years old group, to the highest degree 58% were current drinkers and 40% were binge drinkers.\r\nThe current drinkers among the older group drops to about 50%. Binge drinkers drops to about 23%, and 5% heavy drinkers. About 14% of students in grades 9 through 12 admitted they had driven a simple machine after having had a good bit to drink at least once in the past year, and 24% of the seniors said so. 11% of students in grade 9 through 12 reported having operate when they were high on drugs and 18% of the seniors said so. cocaine has high preponderance in the United States oddly in Texas State.\r\nApproximately 7% of the 18 to 25 years old population reported utilise cocaine. Use of alcohol, but not cigarettes, marijuana and cocaine, is higher(prenominal) among college students than among non-college youth of the same age. There is a significant difference in the use of cocaine among border and non-border Hispanics. More recently, while the use of crack cocaine was decreasing among some populations, in particular African-American, it was increasing among Hispanic youth. The finding shows that there is a disparity by ethic/racial group.\r\ nAlthough African-Americans bedevil lower rates of substance abuse prevalence, they micturate a higher rate of homicides. The attitudes towards the use of drugs cast changed over the stage of times in American culture. (Kozel, 2003) argues that substance abuse or use in American society reflects â€Å"a wrenching stress between conflicting ideals of liberation and communal obligation. ” This has been noted by the increase of use of drug during the period of national crisis like American Revolution, in the well-mannered war and the 1960s, as drug use was tie in to independence and forging of new identities.\r\nIn one way or another change in prevailing ideological and religious beliefs, fluctuations in averages and determine and transformations in technology are some of the heathen fluctuations that affect drug use in American society. The African American music, which glorifies drug and violence, is a significant example of how culture promotes and encourages the use of drugs. It is also the norm in the United State for young people to have alcohol as a symmetric drink forgetting that alcohol is addictive; this culture work to promote the use of drugs.\r\ndo drugss use has adverse effects on the health of Americans. Mental health of individuals is affected when people use drugs. Drugs use and abuse has been associated with risk-taking behaviors that leads to ternary consequences, including the on going transmission and acquisition of HIV, viral hepatitis, and sexually transmission diseases. These are some of sort of challenging health hazards in the contemporary world. In adjunct, impairment collectible to drug use can lead to unintended pregnancy, impacts of which are far reaching, as teenage mothers are more likely to not finish high school or college.\r\nDrug use is the source of chronic liver disease. America’s chronic liver disease prevalence rate is high at 9. 5. Over 90% of deaths due to this disease happened to individuals in the older age groups. Hispanics have a greater rate of deaths due to chronic liver disease (25. 5) than other groups, 18. 6 for Whites and 12. 7 for African-American. This reflects the effect of Hispanic culture and the deviate it has in encouraging drug use. Tobacco is the leading cause of preventable deaths in the United States.\r\nLung cancer, watch disease, and illnesses such as emphysema, bronchitis, and chronic airways obstruction are responsible for largest number of smoking related deaths. absolute majority of individuals whose cause of death is lung cancer were in the 65 years old or older group. The age disparity shows long-term effects of cigarette smoking. Alcohol is the substance that is used by the greater percentage of population who use substances. Its use begins early, and the percent of users peaks in early adulthood.\r\nIts use continues to be high during adulthood, but the percent of users decline with age. Most hard drug users develop from the use of alcoh ol and thus alcohol acts as a bridge. Essentially, each drug has its physiological effect on the user. Most drugs are not used in their pure form and may be mixed with harmful substances. In addition the way the drug is used can have health effects. For instance, injecting drugs, in particular with unclean needles, can cause emboli or clots, sepsis and other infections that require medical attention. Sometimes users overdose and die.\r\n'